Refs: offline install via vendored wheels and test verification workflow (see README/playbook updates)

BestPractices.md

@@ -1,174 +0,0 @@
-# Offline Security Best Practices
-
-This tool is designed for offline use, but true security depends on the **environment** where you run it. Below are operational security recommendations for generating keys you can trust.
-
-## Air-Gapped Setup (Highest Security)
-
-For maximum security when generating production wallets, use an **air-gapped computer**—a device that has never been and will never be connected to any network.
-
-**Recommended procedure:**
-
-1. **Prepare a clean machine**:
-   - Use a dedicated laptop or bootable USB with a fresh Linux installation (e.g., Tails, Ubuntu Live USB)
-   - Never connect this device to WiFi, Ethernet, or Bluetooth [web:14]
-   - Physically disable network interfaces if possible (remove WiFi card, tape over Ethernet port)
-
-2. **Transfer dependencies offline**:
-
-   ```bash
-   # On an online machine, download dependencies
-   pip download -r requirements.txt -d ./offline-deps
-   
-   # Transfer ./offline-deps to air-gapped machine via USB
-   # On air-gapped machine:
-   pip install --no-index --find-links=./offline-deps -r requirements.txt
-   ```
-
-3. **Verify code integrity**:
-   - Check the git commit hash matches the version you reviewed
-   - Optionally run `pytest -v tests/test_vectors.py` on the air-gapped machine to verify derivation logic
-
-4. **Generate wallet**:
-
-   ```bash
-   python ./src/pyhdwallet.py gen --pgp-pubkey-file pubkeys/recipient.asc --file --off-screen
-   ```
-
-5. **Transfer output safely**:
-   - Copy only the `.wallet/*.zip` file to USB (never copy `pyhdwallet.py` or Python environment back to online machine)
-   - The ZIP is AES-encrypted; the inner `.asc` is PGP-encrypted [web:19]
-
-6. **Destroy or securely wipe** the USB after transfer if it contained unencrypted secrets
-
-### Threats Air-Gapping Mitigates
-
-- **Remote attacks**: Malware cannot exfiltrate keys over the network
-- **Clipboard hijacking**: No clipboard manager or remote access tool can intercept data
-- **Browser/OS telemetry**: No accidental upload of terminal history or crash dumps
-
-### Threats Air-Gapping Does NOT Fully Mitigate
-
-Research shows that sophisticated attackers with physical access can potentially exfiltrate data from air-gapped systems via covert channels (acoustic, electromagnetic, optical) [web:18]. However:
-
-- These attacks require physical proximity and pre-installed malware [web:18]
-- For individual users (not nation-state targets), air-gapping remains highly effective
-- Countermeasures: Use the machine in a secure location, inspect for unfamiliar USB devices, verify software integrity before installation [web:18]
-
-### Physical Security
-
-**Mnemonic handling:**
-
-- Write the mnemonic on paper immediately; never store it digitally on the air-gapped machine
-- Use a metal backup (e.g., Cryptosteel) for fire/water resistance
-- Split storage across multiple secure locations if desired (Shamir's Secret Sharing for advanced users)
-
-**Device handling:**
-
-- After generating the wallet, optionally wipe the air-gapped device or destroy the bootable USB
-- If reusing the device, use secure-erase tools (not just `rm`)
-
-### Verification Through Testing
-
-**Why the test suite matters for trust:**
-
-The committed test suite (`tests/test_vectors.py`) allows you to verify that derivation logic hasn't been tampered with before generating production keys:
-
-```bash
-# On the air-gapped machine, before generating your wallet:
-pytest -v tests/test_vectors.py
-```
-
-If all tests pass, you have cryptographic proof that:
-
-- BIP39 seed derivation matches the well-known test vector ("abandon abandon..." → known seed) [file:2]
-- Derivation paths produce addresses matching public BIP39/BIP44 test vectors
-- PGP fingerprinting logic works correctly
-
-If tests fail, **do not generate keys**—the code may be compromised or buggy.
-
-### Entropy Sources
-
-**Built-in entropy (default):**
-
-- Python's `secrets.token_bytes()` uses OS-provided CSPRNG (`/dev/urandom` on Linux, `CryptGenRandom` on Windows)
-- This is cryptographically secure for typical use
-
-**Additional user entropy (optional):**
-
-```bash
-python ./src/pyhdwallet.py gen --dice-rolls "4 2 6 1 3 5 ..." --file
-```
-
-- Roll a die 50+ times and input the results
-- Your dice rolls are mixed with OS entropy via SHA256 [file:2]
-- Protects against potential CSPRNG backdoors (theoretical concern)
-
-### PGP Key Fingerprint Pinning
-
-Always use `--expected-fingerprint` when encrypting to a PGP key to prevent key substitution attacks [file:2]:
-
-```bash
-# First, get and verify the fingerprint of your recipient key
-python ./src/pyhdwallet.py fetchkey https://example.com/mykey.asc --out mykey.asc
-# Manually verify fingerprint matches what you expect (check via another channel)
-
-# Then use it with pinning:
-python ./src/pyhdwallet.py gen \
-  --pgp-pubkey-file mykey.asc \
-  --expected-fingerprint A27B96F2B169B5491013D2DA892B822C14A9AA18 \
-  --file
-```
-
-Without `--expected-fingerprint`, an attacker who controls the filesystem could swap `mykey.asc` with their own key.
-
-### Operational Checklist
-
-Before generating production wallets:
-
-- [ ] Running on air-gapped machine or fresh Live USB
-- [ ] Network physically disabled (no WiFi/Ethernet/Bluetooth)
-- [ ] Code integrity verified (git commit hash + test suite passes)
-- [ ] Using `--off-screen` to minimize terminal scrollback exposure
-- [ ] Using `--file` to avoid leaving unencrypted files on disk
-- [ ] Using `--pgp-pubkey-file` with `--expected-fingerprint` for key pinning
-- [ ] Paper/metal backup prepared for mnemonic
-- [ ] Output ZIP password stored separately from ZIP file
-- [ ] Plan for USB secure wipe after transfer
-
-### Lower-Risk Scenarios
-
-Air-gapping is overkill for:
-
-- **Learning/testing**: Use your regular laptop with `--off-screen` and `--file`
-- **Small amounts**: Generate on a clean, updated machine with minimal software
-- **Testnet wallets**: Standard laptop is fine
-
-Air-gapping is recommended for:
-
-- **Life savings or business funds**
-- **Long-term cold storage** (multi-year hold)
-- **Institutional custody scenarios**
-
-### Trust But Verify
-
-The only way to fully trust this tool (or any wallet software) is to:
-
-1. **Read the source code** (`src/pyhdwallet.py` is ~1400 lines, single file)
-2. **Verify test vectors** match published BIP39 test data
-3. **Run the test suite** on your air-gapped machine
-4. **Generate a test wallet** and verify addresses on a block explorer using a separate tool
-
-Never trust wallet software blindly—especially for significant funds
-
----
-**Key additions:**
-
-1. **Air-gapped setup procedure** with offline dependency installation
-2. **Threat model** (what air-gapping protects against and doesn't)
-3. **Physical security** best practices for mnemonic backup
-4. **Test suite as verification tool** before generating production keys
-5. **Entropy sources** explanation (dice rolls for paranoid users)
-6. **PGP fingerprint pinning** rationale
-7. **Operational security checklist** for production use
-8. **Risk-based guidance** (when air-gapping is overkill vs. essential)
-9. **"Trust but verify"** philosophy for crypto software

Dockerfile

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
-
 # Dockerfile
-# Base build environment for hdwalletpy: Python 3.11 + build tools + venv support
+# Build environment for hdwalletpy: Python 3.12 + build tools + venv support
-FROM python:3.11-slim
+# Used for: (1) Building Linux x86_64 wheels, (2) Development container
+FROM python:3.12-slim
 
 # Install build tools, headers, and venv module
 RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends \
@@ -14,3 +14,5 @@ RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends \
 # Set working directory for bind mounts
 WORKDIR /app
 
+# Default command (can be overridden)
+CMD ["/bin/bash"]

Makefile

@@ -1,90 +1,169 @@
-
 # Makefile for hdwalletpy workflow
-# - Build a reusable Docker image
+# - Build reusable Docker image (Python 3.12)
+# - Vendor multi-platform wheels for offline air-gapped use
 # - Compile wheels in container (wheelhouse)
-# - Create host venv and install from wheelhouse
+# - Create host venv and install from wheelhouse or vendor/
 # - Optionally run inside a warm container
 
 # ---------- Config ----------
-IMAGE := python-build-env:3.11
+IMAGE := hdwallet-build:3.12
-CONTAINER := hdwallet
+CONTAINER := hdwallet-dev
 WORKDIR := /app
-VENV_HOST := .venv_host
+VENV_HOST := .venv
 VENV_CONTAINER := /opt/venv
 WHEELHOUSE := wheelhouse
 
+# Vendor directories for air-gapped deployment
+VENDOR_MACOS := vendor/macos-arm64
+VENDOR_LINUX := vendor/linux-x86_64
+
 # ---------- Help ----------
 .PHONY: help
 help:
-    @echo "Targets:"
+	@echo "Vendoring (for offline/air-gapped use):"
-    @echo "  make build-image      - Build Docker image with build tools and python3-venv"
+	@echo "  make vendor-macos         - Build macOS ARM64 wheels (native)"
-    @echo "  make wheels           - Build dependency wheels into ./$(WHEELHOUSE)"
+	@echo "  make vendor-linux         - Build Linux x86_64 wheels (Docker)"
-    @echo "  make venv-host        - Create host venv $(VENV_HOST) and install from wheelhouse"
+	@echo "  make vendor-all           - Build wheels for both platforms"
-    @echo "  make up               - Start a warm container named $(CONTAINER)"
+	@echo "  make verify-vendor        - Test offline installation from vendor/"
-    @echo "  make shell            - Open a shell in the warm container"
+	@echo ""
-    @echo "  make venv-container   - Create venv inside container at $(VENV_CONTAINER) and install requirements"
+	@echo "Development workflow:"
-    @echo "  make down             - Stop and remove the warm container"
+	@echo "  make build-image          - Build Docker image (Python 3.12)"
-    @echo "  make clean-venv       - Remove host venv $(VENV_HOST)"
+	@echo "  make wheels               - Build wheels into ./$(WHEELHOUSE)"
-    @echo "  make clean-wheelhouse - Remove local wheel cache $(WHEELHOUSE)"
+	@echo "  make install              - Create venv and install dependencies"
-    @echo "  make clean            - Clean venv and wheelhouse"
+	@echo "  make test                 - Run test suite"
+	@echo "  make up                   - Start warm dev container"
+	@echo "  make shell                - Open shell in warm container"
+	@echo "  make down                 - Stop and remove dev container"
+	@echo ""
+	@echo "Cleanup:"
+	@echo "  make clean                - Remove venv, wheelhouse, vendor/"
+	@echo "  make clean-vendor         - Remove vendor/ only"
 
 # ---------- Build reusable image ----------
 .PHONY: build-image
 build-image:
 	docker build -t $(IMAGE) .
 
-# ---------- Build wheels in container ----------
+# ---------- Vendoring for Air-Gapped Use ----------
-.PHONY: wheels
+.PHONY: vendor-macos
-wheels: requirements.txt
+vendor-macos: requirements.txt
-    docker run --rm -it -v "$$PWD":$(WORKDIR) -w $(WORKDIR) $(IMAGE) bash -lc '\
+	@echo "Building macOS ARM64 wheels (native)..."
-        python -m pip install --upgrade pip setuptools wheel && \
+	@if [ ! -f ".venv312/bin/pip" ]; then \
-        mkdir -p $(WHEELHOUSE) && \
+		echo "ERROR: .venv312 not found. Create it first:"; \
-        python -m pip wheel -r requirements.txt -w $(WHEELHOUSE) \
+		echo "  python3.12 -m venv .venv312 && source .venv312/bin/activate"; \
+		exit 1; \
+	fi
+	mkdir -p $(VENDOR_MACOS)
+	.venv312/bin/pip download --dest $(VENDOR_MACOS) -r requirements.txt
+	cd $(VENDOR_MACOS) && shasum -a 256 *.whl > SHA256SUMS
+	@echo "✓ macOS ARM64 wheels: $(VENDOR_MACOS)/"
+
+.PHONY: vendor-linux
+vendor-linux: requirements.txt build-image
+	@echo "Building Linux x86_64 wheels (Docker)..."
+	mkdir -p $(VENDOR_LINUX)
+	docker run --rm \
+		-v "$$PWD":$(WORKDIR) \
+		-w $(WORKDIR) \
+		$(IMAGE) \
+		bash -c " \
+			pip install --upgrade pip && \
+			pip download --dest $(VENDOR_LINUX) -r requirements.txt && \
+			pip wheel --wheel-dir $(VENDOR_LINUX) --no-deps $(VENDOR_LINUX)/*.tar.gz 2>/dev/null || true && \
+			rm -f $(VENDOR_LINUX)/*.tar.gz && \
+			cd $(VENDOR_LINUX) && sha256sum *.whl > SHA256SUMS \
+		"
+	@echo "✓ Linux x86_64 wheels: $(VENDOR_LINUX)/"
+
+.PHONY: vendor-all
+vendor-all: vendor-macos vendor-linux
+	@echo ""
+	@echo "✓ All platforms vendored:"
+	@echo "  macOS ARM64:  $(VENDOR_MACOS)/  ($$(ls $(VENDOR_MACOS)/*.whl 2>/dev/null | wc -l | xargs) wheels)"
+	@echo "  Linux x86_64: $(VENDOR_LINUX)/  ($$(ls $(VENDOR_LINUX)/*.whl 2>/dev/null | wc -l | xargs) wheels)"
+	@echo ""
+	@echo "Commit with: git add vendor/ && git commit -m 'vendor: update wheels'"
+
+.PHONY: verify-vendor
+verify-vendor:
+	@echo "Testing offline installation from vendor/..."
+	@bash -c ' \
+		if [[ "$$OSTYPE" == "darwin"* ]]; then \
+			PLATFORM="macos-arm64"; \
+		else \
+			PLATFORM="linux-x86_64"; \
+		fi; \
+		echo "Platform: $$PLATFORM"; \
+		python3.12 -m venv .venv-verify && \
+		source .venv-verify/bin/activate && \
+		pip install --no-index --find-links=vendor/$$PLATFORM -r requirements.txt && \
+		pytest -v tests/test_vectors.py && \
+		python src/pyhdwallet.py test && \
+		echo "" && \
+		echo "✅ Vendor installation verified!" && \
+		deactivate && \
+		rm -rf .venv-verify \
 	'
 
-# ---------- Host venv from wheelhouse ----------
+# ---------- Development Workflow ----------
-.PHONY: venv-host
+.PHONY: wheels
-venv-host: requirements.txt
+wheels: requirements.txt build-image
-    python3 -m venv $(VENV_HOST)
+	docker run --rm \
+		-v "$$PWD":$(WORKDIR) \
+		-w $(WORKDIR) \
+		$(IMAGE) \
+		bash -c " \
+			pip install --upgrade pip setuptools wheel && \
+			mkdir -p $(WHEELHOUSE) && \
+			pip wheel -r requirements.txt -w $(WHEELHOUSE) \
+		"
+
+.PHONY: install
+install: requirements.txt
+	@if [ ! -d "$(VENV_HOST)" ]; then \
+		echo "Creating venv: $(VENV_HOST)"; \
+		python3.12 -m venv $(VENV_HOST); \
+	fi
 	. $(VENV_HOST)/bin/activate && \
-    python -m pip install --upgrade pip setuptools wheel && \
+	pip install --upgrade pip && \
-    python -m pip install --no-index --find-links=$(WHEELHOUSE) -r requirements.txt && \
+	pip install -r requirements.txt && \
-    python --version
+	echo "✓ Virtual environment ready: $(VENV_HOST)"
+
+.PHONY: test
+test:
+	@if [ ! -d "$(VENV_HOST)" ]; then \
+		echo "ERROR: Run 'make install' first"; \
+		exit 1; \
+	fi
+	. $(VENV_HOST)/bin/activate && \
+	pytest -v tests/test_vectors.py && \
+	python src/pyhdwallet.py test
 
 # ---------- Warm container lifecycle ----------
 .PHONY: up
-up:
+up: build-image
-    docker run -dit -v "$$PWD":$(WORKDIR) -w $(WORKDIR) --name $(CONTAINER) $(IMAGE) bash
+	docker run -dit \
+		-v "$$PWD":$(WORKDIR) \
+		-w $(WORKDIR) \
+		--name $(CONTAINER) \
+		$(IMAGE) \
+		bash
 
 .PHONY: shell
 shell:
 	docker exec -it $(CONTAINER) bash
 
-.PHONY: venv-container
-venv-container: requirements.txt
-    docker exec -it $(CONTAINER) bash -lc '\
-        test -x $(VENV_CONTAINER)/bin/python || ( \
-          python -m venv $(VENV_CONTAINER) && \
-          . $(VENV_CONTAINER)/bin/activate && \
-          python -m pip install --upgrade pip setuptools wheel && \
-          python -m pip install -r requirements.txt \
-        ) && \
-        . $(VENV_CONTAINER)/bin/activate && python --version \
-    '
-
 .PHONY: down
 down:
 	- docker rm -f $(CONTAINER)
 
 # ---------- Cleanup ----------
-.PHONY: clean-venv
+.PHONY: clean-vendor
-clean-venv:
+clean-vendor:
-    rm -rf $(VENV_HOST)
+	rm -rf vendor/
-
-.PHONY: clean-wheelhouse
-clean-wheelhouse:
-    rm -rf $(WHEELHOUSE)
 
 .PHONY: clean
-clean: clean-venv clean-wheelhouse
+clean: down
-
+	rm -rf $(VENV_HOST) $(WHEELHOUSE) vendor/ .venv-verify .venv-offline-test
+	find . -type d -name __pycache__ -exec rm -rf {} + 2>/dev/null || true
+	find . -type d -name "*.egg-info" -exec rm -rf {} + 2>/dev/null || true

README.md

@@ -1,151 +1,172 @@
-# hdwalletpy – Setup & Usage Guide
+# pyhdwallet – Secure HD Wallet Tool
 
-This project provides a Python-based HD Wallet tool with optional Docker-based build automation for fast, reproducible environments.
+A Python command-line tool for generating and recovering BIP39 HD wallets with support for Ethereum, Solana, and Bitcoin. Designed for offline operation with optional PGP encryption and AES-encrypted ZIP artifacts.
 
 ---
 
-## 📦 Installation Options
+## 📦 Installation
 
-### **Option 1: Standard Python Setup (Host Machine)**
+### **Quick Start (macOS/Linux with Internet)**
 
-1. Clone the repository:
+```bash
+# Clone repository
+git clone https://github.com/<your-username>/hdwalletpy.git
+cd hdwalletpy
+
+# Install using automated script
+./install_offline.sh
+```
+
+The script automatically:
+
+- Creates Python 3.12 virtual environment
+- Installs from vendored wheels (offline-capable)
+- Verifies installation with test suite
+- Leaves you in activated venv
+
+---
+
+### **Air-Gapped Installation (No Internet)**
+
+This repository includes pre-built Python wheels for offline use.
+
+**Supported platforms:**
+
+- macOS ARM64 (M1/M2/M3) - Python 3.12
+- Linux x86_64 (Ubuntu/Tails) - Python 3.12
+
+**Steps:**
+
+1. On an online machine, clone and verify:
 
    ```bash
    git clone https://github.com/<your-username>/hdwalletpy.git
    cd hdwalletpy
+   
+   # Verify checksums
+   cd vendor/linux-x86_64  # or macos-arm64
+   sha256sum -c SHA256SUMS  # Linux
+   shasum -a 256 -c SHA256SUMS  # macOS
    ```
 
-2. Create a virtual environment:
+2. Transfer entire repo to USB drive
+
+3. On air-gapped machine:
 
    ```bash
-   python -m venv .venv
+   cd hdwalletpy
-   source .venv/bin/activate
+   ./install_offline.sh
    ```
 
-3. Install dependencies:
+4. Generate wallet:
 
    ```bash
-   python -m pip install --upgrade pip
+   python src/pyhdwallet.py gen --off-screen --file
-   python -m pip install -r requirements.txt
    ```
 
 ---
 
-### **Option 2: Fast Setup Using Docker + Makefile**
+### **Developer Installation (with Docker)**
 
-This method avoids installing compilers on your host and speeds up dependency builds.
+For development or building wheels for other platforms:
-
-#### **Step 1: Build Docker Image**
 
 ```bash
+# Build Docker image
 make build-image
-```
 
-Creates a reusable image `python-build-env:3.11` with build tools and `python3-venv`.
+# Build wheels for all platforms
+make vendor-all
 
-#### **Step 2: Compile Wheels in Container**
+# Install development environment
+make install
 
-```bash
+# Run tests
-make wheels
+make test
-```
-
-Builds all dependency wheels into `./wheelhouse` for fast installs.
-
-#### **Step 3: Create Host Virtual Environment**
-
-```bash
-make venv-host
-source .venv_host/bin/activate
-```
-
-Installs dependencies from `wheelhouse` (no compilation needed).
-
-#### **Optional: Work Inside a Warm Container**
-
-```bash
-make up             # Start container
-make shell          # Open shell inside container
-make venv-container # Create container-only venv at /opt/venv
-```
-
-#### **Cleanup**
-
-```bash
-make clean # Remove host venv and wheelhouse
-make down  # Stop/remove container
 ```
 
 ---
 
 ## ✅ Basic Usage
 
-Run the tool with subcommands. For help, use `-h` (e.g., `gen -h`, `recover -h`).
-
-Examples:
-
 ```bash
-# Generate mnemonic (prints to stdout; for debug/test)
+# Generate wallet (prints mnemonic - debug mode)
-python ./src/pyhdwallet.py gen
+python src/pyhdwallet.py gen
 
-# Generate and save AES-encrypted ZIP artifact into ./.wallet (password prompted)
+# Generate with off-screen mode + encrypted ZIP
-python ./src/pyhdwallet.py gen --file
+python src/pyhdwallet.py gen --off-screen --file
 
-# Generate with PGP encryption + ZIP artifact (ZIP contains only encrypted .asc payload)
+# Generate with PGP encryption + ZIP
-python ./src/pyhdwallet.py gen --pgp-pubkey-file pubkeys/mykey.asc --file
+python src/pyhdwallet.py gen \
+  --pgp-pubkey-file pubkeys/mykey.asc \
+  --expected-fingerprint A27B96F2B169B5491013D2DA892B822C14A9AA18 \
+  --off-screen \
+  --file
 
-# Recover from mnemonic (prefer --interactive to avoid shell history)
+# Recover wallet from mnemonic
-python ./src/pyhdwallet.py recover --interactive
+python src/pyhdwallet.py recover --interactive --file
 
-# Recover and save AES ZIP artifact
+# Fetch PGP public key (requires internet)
-python ./src/pyhdwallet.py recover --interactive --file
+python src/pyhdwallet.py fetchkey "https://example.com/key.asc" --out mykey.asc
-
-# Fetch PGP public key (online)
-python ./src/pyhdwallet.py fetchkey "https://example.com/key.asc" --out mykey.asc
 
 # Run tests
-python ./src/pyhdwallet.py test
+python src/pyhdwallet.py test
+pytest -v tests/test_vectors.py
 ```
 
 ---
 
-## 🔐 Notes on `--file`, AES ZIP, and PGP
+## 🔐 Security Features
 
-- `--file` writes **only** an AES-encrypted ZIP (no raw `.json`/`.asc` left on disk), using `pyzipper`.
+- **Offline-first**: Network access blocked during key generation/recovery
-- If `--pgp-pubkey-file` is set, the ZIP contains a single ASCII-armored PGP message (`.asc`) created with PGPy-style `PGPMessage.new(...)` then `pubkey.encrypt(...)`.
+- **Test suite**: Regression tests with frozen vectors ensure derivation logic integrity
+- **PGP fingerprint pinning**: Prevents key substitution attacks
+- **TTY safety guard**: Refuses to print secrets when stdout is piped/redirected
+- **AES-encrypted outputs**: Wallet artifacts encrypted with `pyzipper`
+- **No shell history leaks**: Use `--interactive` or `--mnemonic-stdin` for recovery
 
 ---
 
-## ⚠️ About `--force`
+## 🛠️ Makefile Targets
 
-The tool includes a safety guard: if stdout is piped/redirected (non-TTY), it refuses to print sensitive output unless `--force` is set. Checking whether stdout is a terminal is commonly done via `isatty()`.
+**Vendoring (for air-gapped deployment):**
-
-Example:
 
 ```bash
-python ./src/pyhdwallet.py gen > out.txt          # likely refused (non-TTY)
+make vendor-macos    # Build macOS ARM64 wheels
-python ./src/pyhdwallet.py gen --force > out.txt # allowed
+make vendor-linux    # Build Linux x86_64 wheels (Docker)
+make vendor-all      # Build for both platforms
+make verify-vendor   # Test offline installation
 ```
 
----
+**Development:**
-
-## ✅ Why Use Makefile?
-
-- **Speed:** Avoid repeated `apt-get` installs; wheels cached locally.
-- **Reproducibility:** Same Docker image for builds; no environment drift.
-- **Convenience:** One-liner tasks (`make wheels`, `make venv-host`, `make shell`).
-- **Separation:** Host venv vs container venv for clean workflows.
-
----
-
-## Common Makefile Targets
 
 ```bash
-make build-image      # Build Docker image with build tools
+make install         # Create venv and install dependencies
-make wheels           # Compile wheels into ./wheelhouse
+make test            # Run test suite
-make venv-host        # Host venv install from wheelhouse
+make build-image     # Build Docker image
-make up               # Start warm container
+make shell           # Open shell in Docker container
-make shell            # Shell into warm container
+make clean           # Remove venvs and build artifacts
-make venv-container   # Container venv at /opt/venv
-make down             # Stop/remove container
-make clean            # Remove .venv_host and wheelhouse
 ```
+
+---
+
+## 📖 Full Documentation
+
+- **[playbook.md](playbook.md)** - Complete command reference and operational guide
+- **[tests/](tests/)** - Regression test suite documentation
+
+---
+
+## 🔒 Recommended Air-Gapped Setup
+
+For maximum security when generating production wallets:
+
+1. Use fresh Ubuntu Live USB or Tails OS
+2. Never connect to network after booting
+3. Transfer this repository via separate USB
+4. Run `./install_offline.sh`
+5. Generate wallet: `python src/pyhdwallet.py gen --off-screen --file`
+6. Write mnemonic to paper/metal backup
+7. Transfer encrypted ZIP to secure storage
+8. Wipe USB drives securely
+
+See [playbook.md](playbook.md) for detailed air-gapped procedures.

build-all-platforms.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,115 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+set -e
+
+echo "Building wheels for all platforms using Python 3.12..."
+echo ""
+
+# Check Docker is running
+if ! docker info > /dev/null 2>&1; then
+    echo "ERROR: Docker is not running. Please start Docker Desktop."
+    exit 1
+fi
+
+# 1. macOS ARM64 (via Docker with Python 3.12)
+echo "==> Building macOS ARM64 wheels (Docker + Python 3.12)..."
+docker run --rm \
+  --platform linux/arm64 \
+  -v $(pwd):/work \
+  -w /work \
+  python:3.12-slim \
+  bash -c "
+    apt-get update -qq && apt-get install -y -qq gcc g++ make libffi-dev > /dev/null
+    pip install --upgrade pip > /dev/null
+    mkdir -p vendor/macos-arm64-docker
+    pip download --dest vendor/macos-arm64-docker -r requirements.txt
+    pip wheel --wheel-dir vendor/macos-arm64-docker --no-deps vendor/macos-arm64-docker/*.tar.gz 2>/dev/null || true
+    rm -f vendor/macos-arm64-docker/*.tar.gz
+  "
+echo "✓ macOS ARM64: $(ls vendor/macos-arm64-docker/*.whl 2>/dev/null | wc -l | xargs) wheels"
+
+# Actually, let's use native Mac Python 3.12 if available, otherwise use what we have
+echo ""
+echo "==> Building macOS ARM64 wheels (native - using your .venv312)..."
+mkdir -p vendor/macos-arm64
+
+# Use the Python from your working venv
+if [ -f ".venv312/bin/pip" ]; then
+    echo "Using Python from .venv312..."
+    .venv312/bin/pip download --dest vendor/macos-arm64 -r requirements.txt
+    echo "✓ macOS ARM64: $(ls vendor/macos-arm64/*.whl 2>/dev/null | wc -l | xargs) wheels"
+else
+    echo "ERROR: .venv312 not found!"
+    echo "Please activate your working venv first:"
+    echo "  source .venv312/bin/activate"
+    echo "  pip download --dest vendor/macos-arm64 -r requirements.txt"
+    exit 1
+fi
+
+# 2. Linux x86_64 (via Docker)
+echo ""
+echo "==> Building Linux x86_64 wheels (Docker + Python 3.12)..."
+docker run --rm \
+  -v $(pwd):/work \
+  -w /work \
+  python:3.12-slim \
+  bash -c "
+    apt-get update -qq && apt-get install -y -qq gcc g++ make libffi-dev > /dev/null
+    pip install --upgrade pip > /dev/null
+    mkdir -p vendor/linux-x86_64
+    pip download --dest vendor/linux-x86_64 -r requirements.txt
+    pip wheel --wheel-dir vendor/linux-x86_64 --no-deps vendor/linux-x86_64/*.tar.gz 2>/dev/null || true
+    rm -f vendor/linux-x86_64/*.tar.gz
+  "
+echo "✓ Linux x86_64: $(ls vendor/linux-x86_64/*.whl 2>/dev/null | wc -l | xargs) wheels"
+
+# 3. Generate SHA256 checksums
+echo ""
+echo "==> Generating checksums..."
+for platform in macos-arm64 linux-x86_64; do
+  if [ -d "vendor/$platform" ] && [ "$(ls -A vendor/$platform/*.whl 2>/dev/null)" ]; then
+    (cd vendor/$platform && shasum -a 256 *.whl > SHA256SUMS)
+    echo "✓ Checksums for $platform"
+  fi
+done
+
+# 4. Create provenance file
+echo ""
+echo "==> Creating provenance documentation..."
+cat > vendor/PROVENANCE.md << EOF
+# Dependency Provenance
+
+All wheels generated on: $(date -u +"%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S UTC")
+Python version: 3.12
+Build machine: $(uname -s) $(uname -m)
+Docker used: Yes (python:3.12-slim)
+
+## Platforms
+- macOS ARM64: Built using .venv312 (Python 3.12)
+- Linux x86_64: Built using Docker python:3.12-slim
+
+## Package Versions
+$(cat requirements.txt | head -20)
+
+## Integrity Verification
+Each platform directory contains SHA256SUMS for verification:
+\`\`\`bash
+cd vendor/linux-x86_64
+shasum -a 256 -c SHA256SUMS
+\`\`\`
+
+Last updated: $(date -u +"%Y-%m-%d")
+Built by: $(git config user.name) <$(git config user.email)>
+Commit: $(git rev-parse --short HEAD 2>/dev/null || echo "not in git")
+EOF
+
+echo ""
+echo "✓ All platforms built successfully!"
+echo ""
+echo "Summary:"
+echo "  macOS ARM64:   vendor/macos-arm64/    ($(ls vendor/macos-arm64/*.whl 2>/dev/null | wc -l | xargs) wheels)"
+echo "  Linux x86_64:  vendor/linux-x86_64/   ($(ls vendor/linux-x86_64/*.whl 2>/dev/null | wc -l | xargs) wheels)"
+echo ""
+echo "Next steps:"
+echo "  1. Verify: ls vendor/*/SHA256SUMS"
+echo "  2. Test: ./install_offline.sh"
+echo "  3. Commit: git add vendor/ && git commit -m 'vendor: add multi-platform wheels'"

install_offline.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,117 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+set -e
+
+# Detect platform
+if [[ "$OSTYPE" == "linux-gnu"* ]]; then
+    PLATFORM="linux-x86_64"
+elif [[ "$OSTYPE" == "darwin"* ]]; then
+    ARCH=$(uname -m)
+    if [[ "$ARCH" == "arm64" ]]; then
+        PLATFORM="macos-arm64"
+    else
+        echo "ERROR: Only macOS ARM64 is supported"
+        exit 1
+    fi
+else
+    echo "ERROR: Unsupported platform: $OSTYPE"
+    exit 1
+fi
+
+echo "Detected platform: $PLATFORM"
+
+# Check if vendor directory exists
+if [ ! -d "vendor/$PLATFORM" ]; then
+    echo "ERROR: vendor/$PLATFORM not found!"
+    echo "Run ./build-vendors-simple.sh to generate wheels"
+    exit 1
+fi
+
+# Check for Python 3.12
+if ! command -v python3.12 &> /dev/null; then
+    echo "ERROR: Python 3.12 not found!"
+    echo "Please install Python 3.12:"
+    echo "  macOS: brew install python@3.12"
+    echo "  Linux: apt-get install python3.12 python3.12-venv"
+    exit 1
+fi
+
+# Check if already in a venv
+if [ -n "$VIRTUAL_ENV" ]; then
+    CURRENT_PYTHON=$(python --version 2>&1 | grep -oE '3\.[0-9]+')
+    if [[ "$CURRENT_PYTHON" != "3.12" ]]; then
+        echo "WARNING: You are in a venv with Python $CURRENT_PYTHON"
+        echo "Deactivating and creating new Python 3.12 venv..."
+        deactivate || true
+    else
+        echo "Already in Python 3.12 venv, using it..."
+    fi
+fi
+
+# Create or use existing venv
+VENV_DIR=".venv"
+if [ ! -d "$VENV_DIR" ] || [ ! -f "$VENV_DIR/bin/python3.12" ]; then
+    echo "Creating Python 3.12 virtual environment..."
+    python3.12 -m venv "$VENV_DIR"
+    echo "✓ Virtual environment created: $VENV_DIR"
+else
+    echo "Using existing venv: $VENV_DIR"
+fi
+
+# Activate venv
+source "$VENV_DIR/bin/activate"
+
+# Verify Python version
+PYTHON_VERSION=$(python --version 2>&1 | grep -oE '3\.[0-9]+')
+echo "Using Python $PYTHON_VERSION from: $(which python)"
+
+if [[ "$PYTHON_VERSION" != "3.12" ]]; then
+    echo "ERROR: Expected Python 3.12, got $PYTHON_VERSION"
+    exit 1
+fi
+
+# Verify checksums
+if [ -f "vendor/$PLATFORM/SHA256SUMS" ]; then
+    echo ""
+    echo "Verifying checksums..."
+    (cd vendor/$PLATFORM && shasum -a 256 -c SHA256SUMS --quiet) || {
+        echo "ERROR: Checksum verification failed!"
+        exit 1
+    }
+    echo "✓ Checksums verified"
+fi
+
+# Install
+echo ""
+echo "Installing from vendor/$PLATFORM..."
+pip install --upgrade pip --quiet
+pip install --no-index --find-links=vendor/$PLATFORM -r requirements.txt
+
+# Test
+echo ""
+echo "Running tests..."
+python -m pytest -v tests/test_vectors.py || {
+    echo "ERROR: Tests failed!"
+    exit 1
+}
+
+echo ""
+echo "Running built-in smoke test..."
+python src/pyhdwallet.py test || {
+    echo "ERROR: Smoke test failed!"
+    exit 1
+}
+
+echo ""
+echo "=========================================="
+echo "✓ Installation complete and verified!"
+echo "=========================================="
+echo ""
+echo "Virtual environment: $VENV_DIR"
+echo "Python version: $(python --version)"
+echo ""
+echo "To activate this environment:"
+echo "  source $VENV_DIR/bin/activate"
+echo ""
+echo "Generate a wallet with:"
+echo "  python src/pyhdwallet.py gen --off-screen --file"
+echo ""

playbook.md

@@ -10,13 +10,18 @@ Repository structure (current):
   - `bootstrap_vectors.py` — one-time script to generate test vectors
   - `vectors.json` — frozen expected values (committed)
   - `data/recipient.asc` — test PGP key (committed)
-- `.wallet/` — generated wallet artifacts (should be gitignored)
+- `vendor/` — vendored Python wheels for offline installation
+  - `macos-arm64/` — macOS Apple Silicon wheels (Python 3.12)
+  - `linux-x86_64/` — Linux x86_64 wheels (Python 3.12)
+- `.wallet/` — generated wallet artifacts (gitignored)
 - `requirements.in`, `requirements.txt`
+- `install_offline.sh` — automated offline installer
+- `Dockerfile`, `Makefile` — Docker-based build tools
 - `README.md`, `playbook.md`, `LICENSE`
 
 **Note**: This tool requires a subcommand (e.g., `gen`, `recover`). Running without one displays help. Use `<subcommand> -h` for detailed options.
 
----
+***
 
 ## Features
 
@@ -27,33 +32,101 @@ Repository structure (current):
 - **TTY safety guard + --force**: If stdout is piped/redirected (non-TTY), the tool refuses to print sensitive data unless `--force` is explicitly set (to avoid accidental leaks into logs/files). `isatty()` is the classic way to detect whether stdout is connected to a terminal.
 - **Off-screen mode**: `--off-screen` suppresses printing sensitive data to stdout.
 - **Regression test suite**: Offline tests with frozen vectors ensure derivation logic, PGP fingerprinting, and seed generation remain stable across code changes.
+- **Vendored dependencies**: Pre-built wheels for macOS ARM64 and Linux x86_64 enable true air-gapped installation.
 
----
+***
 
 ## Installation
 
 ### Prerequisites
 
-- Python 3.11+
+- Python 3.12.x (required for vendored wheels)
-- Recommended: a virtual environment
+- Git (for cloning repository)
 
-### Setup
+### Quick Installation (macOS/Linux with Internet)
 
 ```bash
-python -m venv .venv
+# Clone repository
-source .venv/bin/activate
+git clone https://github.com/<your-username>/hdwalletpy.git
-python -m pip install -r requirements.txt
+cd hdwalletpy
+
+# Run automated installer
+./install_offline.sh
 ```
 
-### Dependencies (top-level intent)
+The script automatically:
+
+- Detects your platform (macOS ARM64 or Linux x86_64)
+- Creates Python 3.12 virtual environment
+- Installs from vendored wheels (no PyPI access needed)
+- Verifies installation with test suite
+- Leaves you in activated venv
+
+### Air-Gapped Installation (No Internet)
+
+For maximum security on an air-gapped machine (Tails OS, Ubuntu Live USB, etc.):
+
+**On online machine:**
+
+```bash
+# Clone and verify
+git clone https://github.com/<your-username>/hdwalletpy.git
+cd hdwalletpy
+
+# Verify checksums
+cd vendor/linux-x86_64  # or macos-arm64 for Mac
+sha256sum -c SHA256SUMS  # Linux
+shasum -a 256 -c SHA256SUMS  # macOS
+
+# Transfer entire repo to USB
+```
+
+**On air-gapped machine:**
+
+```bash
+# Ensure Python 3.12 is installed
+python3.12 --version
+
+# Navigate to repository
+cd hdwalletpy
+
+# Run installer (creates venv, installs offline)
+./install_offline.sh
+
+# Generate wallet
+python src/pyhdwallet.py gen --off-screen --file
+```
+
+### Manual Installation (Without Script)
+
+```bash
+# Create venv
+python3.12 -m venv .venv
+source .venv/bin/activate
+
+# Install from vendored wheels
+# For macOS ARM64:
+pip install --no-index --find-links=vendor/macos-arm64 -r requirements.txt
+
+# For Linux x86_64:
+pip install --no-index --find-links=vendor/linux-x86_64 -r requirements.txt
+
+# Verify installation
+pytest -v tests/test_vectors.py
+python src/pyhdwallet.py test
+```
+
+### Dependencies (Top-Level Intent)
 
 - `bip-utils` — BIP39 + BIP derivation logic
 - `PGPy` — encryption to OpenPGP public keys
 - `pynacl` + `base58` — Solana seed/key handling
-- `pyzipper` — AES-encrypted ZIP writing (only needed when using `--file`)
+- `pyzipper` — AES-encrypted ZIP writing
 - `pytest` — test framework (development only)
 
----
+All dependencies are pre-downloaded in `vendor/` for offline use.
+
+***
 
 ## Quick Start
 
@@ -100,7 +173,7 @@ python ./src/pyhdwallet.py test
 pytest -v tests/test_vectors.py
 ```
 
----
+***
 
 ## Testing
 
@@ -154,16 +227,75 @@ git commit -m "test: update vectors after intentional derivation change"
 
 **Warning**: If tests fail after a code change and you didn't intend to change behavior, **do not regenerate vectors**. Fix the code regression instead.
 
----
+***
 
-## Outputs and file structure
+## Vendored Dependencies
 
-### Stdout behavior
+### What is Vendoring?
+
+This repository includes pre-built Python wheels in the `vendor/` directory, enabling installation without internet access or PyPI. This is critical for air-gapped security.
+
+**Supported platforms:**
+
+- macOS ARM64 (M1/M2/M3/M4) - Python 3.12
+- Linux x86_64 (Ubuntu, Tails, Debian) - Python 3.12
+
+### Building Vendor Wheels (Maintainers)
+
+If you need to update dependencies or add new platforms:
+
+```bash
+# Using Makefile (recommended)
+make vendor-all           # Build for both macOS and Linux
+make vendor-macos         # macOS ARM64 only
+make vendor-linux         # Linux x86_64 only (requires Docker)
+make verify-vendor        # Test offline installation
+
+# Commit updated wheels
+git add vendor/
+git commit -m "vendor: update dependencies to latest versions"
+```
+
+**Manual build (macOS):**
+
+```bash
+mkdir -p vendor/macos-arm64
+source .venv312/bin/activate
+pip download --dest vendor/macos-arm64 -r requirements.txt
+cd vendor/macos-arm64 && shasum -a 256 *.whl > SHA256SUMS
+```
+
+**Manual build (Linux via Docker):**
+
+```bash
+docker run --rm -v $(pwd):/work -w /work python:3.12-slim bash -c "
+  apt-get update && apt-get install -y gcc g++ make libffi-dev
+  pip install --upgrade pip
+  mkdir -p vendor/linux-x86_64
+  pip download --dest vendor/linux-x86_64 -r requirements.txt
+  cd vendor/linux-x86_64 && sha256sum *.whl > SHA256SUMS
+"
+```
+
+### Verifying Vendor Integrity
+
+```bash
+# Check checksums before using on air-gapped machine
+cd vendor/linux-x86_64
+sha256sum -c SHA256SUMS     # Linux
+shasum -a 256 -c SHA256SUMS  # macOS
+```
+
+***
+
+## Outputs and File Structure
+
+### Stdout Behavior
 
 - `gen` prints the mnemonic + derived addresses by default (intended for debug/test comparisons).
 - `--off-screen` suppresses printing sensitive data to stdout.
 
-### `--file` behavior (deterministic, secured output)
+### `--file` Behavior (Deterministic, Secured Output)
 
 If `--file` is present, the tool writes **only** an AES-encrypted ZIP file (no raw `.json`/`.asc` file is left on disk). AES ZIP is implemented using `pyzipper`.
 
@@ -175,12 +307,12 @@ Override folder:
 
 - `--wallet-location /path/to/folder`
 
-Naming uses UTC timestamps (e.g. `20260106_161830Z`):
+Naming uses UTC timestamps (e.g. `20260108_011830Z`):
 
 - No PGP: zip contains `test_wallet_<UTC>.json`, zip name `test_wallet_<UTC>.zip`
 - With PGP: zip contains `encrypted_wallet_<UTC>.asc`, zip name `encrypted_wallet_<UTC>.zip`
 
-### Password handling for ZIP
+### Password Handling for ZIP
 
 - Default: `--zip-password-mode prompt` prompts for the ZIP password (attempts hidden entry).
 - If hidden entry is not supported in the environment, it falls back to visible `input()` with loud warnings.
@@ -189,7 +321,7 @@ Naming uses UTC timestamps (e.g. `20260106_161830Z`):
 
 `pyzipper` supports AES encryption via `AESZipFile` and password-setting APIs.
 
----
+***
 
 ## Commands
 
@@ -209,7 +341,7 @@ Options:
 - `--off-screen`: reduced output / temp-file behavior
 - `--expected-fingerprint`: refuse if downloaded key fingerprint doesn't match (40 hex chars)
 
----
+***
 
 ### gen (offline)
 
@@ -248,7 +380,7 @@ Safety options:
 - `--off-screen` (don't print sensitive output)
 - `--force` (only for non-TTY stdout; see below)
 
----
+***
 
 ### recover (offline)
 
@@ -274,7 +406,7 @@ Notes:
 - `--export-private` requires `--pgp-pubkey-file` (private keys only travel inside encrypted payload).
 - `--include-source` controls whether mnemonic is included inside the encrypted payload (only meaningful when PGP is used).
 
----
+***
 
 ### test (offline)
 
@@ -290,9 +422,9 @@ For comprehensive regression testing, use the pytest suite:
 pytest -v tests/test_vectors.py
 ```
 
----
+***
 
-## When to use `--force`
+## When to Use `--force`
 
 Use `--force` only if you **intentionally** want to print sensitive output while stdout is being piped/redirected.
 
@@ -314,17 +446,193 @@ python ./src/pyhdwallet.py gen --force > out.txt
 
 If running normally in your interactive terminal, stdout is a TTY and `--force` does nothing (output looks the same).
 
----
+***
 
-## Security notes (practical)
+## Security Notes (Practical)
 
 - `gen` printing the mnemonic is intentionally "debug/test" behavior. Assume stdout can be recorded (scrollback, logging, screen recording, CI logs).
 - Prefer `--off-screen` for reduced exposure.
 - Prefer `--file` so artifacts go into `.wallet/` and are AES-encrypted via `pyzipper`.
 - For stronger at-rest security: combine `--pgp-pubkey-file` + `--file` so the ZIP contains only an encrypted `.asc` payload. PGPy encryption style follows `PGPMessage.new(...)` then `pubkey.encrypt(...)`.
 - Use `--expected-fingerprint` to enforce PGP key pinning and prevent key substitution attacks.
+- Install from vendored wheels on air-gapped machines to avoid supply chain attacks.
 
----
+***
+
+## Offline Security Best Practices
+
+This tool is designed for offline use, but true security depends on the **environment** where you run it. Below are operational security recommendations for generating keys you can trust.
+
+### Air-Gapped Setup (Highest Security)
+
+For maximum security when generating production wallets, use an **air-gapped computer**—a device that has never been and will never be connected to any network.
+
+**Recommended procedure:**
+
+1. **Prepare a clean machine**:
+   - Use a dedicated laptop or bootable USB with a fresh Linux installation (e.g., Tails, Ubuntu Live USB)
+   - Never connect this device to WiFi, Ethernet, or Bluetooth
+   - Physically disable network interfaces if possible (remove WiFi card, tape over Ethernet port)
+
+2. **Transfer repository offline**:
+
+   ```bash
+   # On trusted online machine, clone and verify
+   git clone https://github.com/<your-username>/hdwalletpy.git
+   cd hdwalletpy
+   
+   # Verify checksums
+   cd vendor/linux-x86_64
+   sha256sum -c SHA256SUMS
+   
+   # Transfer entire repo to USB
+   ```
+
+3. **Verify code integrity on air-gapped machine**:
+
+   ```bash
+   # Check checksums again
+   cd vendor/linux-x86_64
+   sha256sum -c SHA256SUMS
+   
+   # Run test suite to verify derivation logic
+   ./install_offline.sh
+   pytest -v tests/test_vectors.py
+   ```
+
+4. **Generate wallet**:
+
+   ```bash
+   python ./src/pyhdwallet.py gen --pgp-pubkey-file pubkeys/recipient.asc --file --off-screen
+   ```
+
+5. **Transfer output safely**:
+   - Copy only the `.wallet/*.zip` file to USB (never copy `pyhdwallet.py` or Python environment back to online machine)
+   - The ZIP is AES-encrypted; the inner `.asc` is PGP-encrypted
+
+6. **Destroy or securely wipe** the USB after transfer if it contained unencrypted secrets
+
+### Threats Air-Gapping Mitigates
+
+- **Remote attacks**: Malware cannot exfiltrate keys over the network
+- **Clipboard hijacking**: No clipboard manager or remote access tool can intercept data
+- **Browser/OS telemetry**: No accidental upload of terminal history or crash dumps
+
+### Threats Air-Gapping Does NOT Fully Mitigate
+
+Research shows that sophisticated attackers with physical access can potentially exfiltrate data from air-gapped systems via covert channels (acoustic, electromagnetic, optical). However:
+
+- These attacks require physical proximity and pre-installed malware
+- For individual users (not nation-state targets), air-gapping remains highly effective
+- Countermeasures: Use the machine in a secure location, inspect for unfamiliar USB devices, verify software integrity before installation
+
+### Physical Security
+
+**Mnemonic handling:**
+
+- Write the mnemonic on paper immediately; never store it digitally on the air-gapped machine
+- Use a metal backup (e.g., Cryptosteel) for fire/water resistance
+- Split storage across multiple secure locations if desired (Shamir's Secret Sharing for advanced users)
+
+**Device handling:**
+
+- After generating the wallet, optionally wipe the air-gapped device or destroy the bootable USB
+- If reusing the device, use secure-erase tools (not just `rm`)
+
+### Verification Through Testing
+
+**Why the test suite matters for trust:**
+
+The committed test suite (`tests/test_vectors.py`) allows you to verify that derivation logic hasn't been tampered with before generating production keys:
+
+```bash
+# On the air-gapped machine, before generating your wallet:
+pytest -v tests/test_vectors.py
+```
+
+If all tests pass, you have cryptographic proof that:
+
+- BIP39 seed derivation matches the well-known test vector ("abandon abandon..." → known seed)
+- Derivation paths produce addresses matching public BIP39/BIP44 test vectors
+- PGP fingerprinting logic works correctly
+
+If tests fail, **do not generate keys**—the code may be compromised or buggy.
+
+### Entropy Sources
+
+**Built-in entropy (default):**
+
+- Python's `secrets.token_bytes()` uses OS-provided CSPRNG (`/dev/urandom` on Linux, `CryptGenRandom` on Windows)
+- This is cryptographically secure for typical use
+
+**Additional user entropy (optional):**
+
+```bash
+python ./src/pyhdwallet.py gen --dice-rolls "4 2 6 1 3 5 ..." --file
+```
+
+- Roll a die 50+ times and input the results
+- Your dice rolls are mixed with OS entropy via SHA256
+- Protects against potential CSPRNG backdoors (theoretical concern)
+
+### PGP Key Fingerprint Pinning
+
+Always use `--expected-fingerprint` when encrypting to a PGP key to prevent key substitution attacks:
+
+```bash
+# First, get and verify the fingerprint of your recipient key
+python ./src/pyhdwallet.py fetchkey https://example.com/mykey.asc --out mykey.asc
+# Manually verify fingerprint matches what you expect (check via another channel)
+
+# Then use it with pinning:
+python ./src/pyhdwallet.py gen \
+  --pgp-pubkey-file mykey.asc \
+  --expected-fingerprint A27B96F2B169B5491013D2DA892B822C14A9AA18 \
+  --file
+```
+
+Without `--expected-fingerprint`, an attacker who controls the filesystem could swap `mykey.asc` with their own key.
+
+### Operational Checklist
+
+Before generating production wallets:
+
+- [ ] Running on air-gapped machine or fresh Live USB
+- [ ] Network physically disabled (no WiFi/Ethernet/Bluetooth)
+- [ ] Code integrity verified (checksums + test suite passes)
+- [ ] Using `--off-screen` to minimize terminal scrollback exposure
+- [ ] Using `--file` to avoid leaving unencrypted files on disk
+- [ ] Using `--pgp-pubkey-file` with `--expected-fingerprint` for key pinning
+- [ ] Paper/metal backup prepared for mnemonic
+- [ ] Output ZIP password stored separately from ZIP file
+- [ ] Plan for USB secure wipe after transfer
+
+### Lower-Risk Scenarios
+
+Air-gapping is overkill for:
+
+- **Learning/testing**: Use your regular laptop with `--off-screen` and `--file`
+- **Small amounts**: Generate on a clean, updated machine with minimal software
+- **Testnet wallets**: Standard laptop is fine
+
+Air-gapping is recommended for:
+
+- **Life savings or business funds**
+- **Long-term cold storage** (multi-year hold)
+- **Institutional custody scenarios**
+
+### Trust But Verify
+
+The only way to fully trust this tool (or any wallet software) is to:
+
+1. **Read the source code** (`src/pyhdwallet.py` is ~1400 lines, single file)
+2. **Verify test vectors** match published BIP39 test data
+3. **Run the test suite** on your air-gapped machine
+4. **Generate a test wallet** and verify addresses on a block explorer using a separate tool
+
+Never trust wallet software blindly—especially for significant funds.
+
+***
 
 ## Troubleshooting
 
@@ -339,26 +647,51 @@ chmod +x ./src/pyhdwallet.py
 ./src/pyhdwallet.py gen
 ```
 
-### "Missing dependency: pyzipper" but pip says installed
+### Python 3.12 not found
 
-You likely installed into a different venv. Use:
+Vendored wheels require Python 3.12:
 
 ```bash
-python -m pip install pyzipper
+# macOS
-python -c "import pyzipper; print(pyzipper.__version__)"
+brew install python@3.12
+
+# Ubuntu/Debian
+sudo apt-get install python3.12 python3.12-venv
+
+# Verify
+python3.12 --version
 ```
 
-### "Missing dependency: pytest" when running tests
+### "Missing dependency" errors
 
-Install pytest in your virtualenv:
+Make sure you're installing from the correct vendor directory:
 
 ```bash
-python -m pip install pytest
+# Check your platform
+uname -sm
+
+# Install for macOS ARM64
+pip install --no-index --find-links=vendor/macos-arm64 -r requirements.txt
+
+# Install for Linux x86_64
+pip install --no-index --find-links=vendor/linux-x86_64 -r requirements.txt
+```
+
+### Checksum verification failures
+
+If `SHA256SUMS` verification fails, the wheels may be corrupted or tampered with:
+
+```bash
+cd vendor/linux-x86_64
+sha256sum -c SHA256SUMS
+
+# If failures occur, re-download from trusted source
+# DO NOT use corrupted wheels for production wallets
 ```
 
 ### Unzipping AES ZIP issues
 
-Some `unzip` tools may not support AES-encrypted ZIPs. Use Python + pyzipper to extract if needed:
+Some `unzip` tools may not support AES-encrypted ZIPs. Use Python + pyzipper to extract:
 
 ```bash
 python - <<'PY'
@@ -373,8 +706,6 @@ print("Extracted to", out_dir)
 PY
 ```
 
-AES ZIP support is the reason `pyzipper` is used.
-
 ### Test failures after code changes
 
 If `pytest -v tests/test_vectors.py` fails after you modified code:
@@ -386,7 +717,45 @@ If `pytest -v tests/test_vectors.py` fails after you modified code:
 2. **Is only one test failing?**
    - Run with `-vv` for detailed diff: `pytest -vv tests/test_vectors.py::test_name`
 
----
+***
+
+## Development
+
+### Building Vendor Wheels
+
+See [Vendored Dependencies](#vendored-dependencies) section above.
+
+### Running Tests (Dev)
+
+```bash
+# Quick test
+python src/pyhdwallet.py test
+
+# Full regression suite
+pytest -v tests/test_vectors.py
+
+# Specific test
+pytest -v tests/test_vectors.py::test_address_derivation_integrity
+
+# With coverage
+pytest --cov=src tests/
+```
+
+### Docker Development Environment
+
+```bash
+# Build image
+make build-image
+
+# Start warm container
+make up
+make shell
+
+# Inside container
+python src/pyhdwallet.py test
+```
+
+***
 
 ## Changelog
 
@@ -398,22 +767,12 @@ If `pytest -v tests/test_vectors.py` fails after you modified code:
   - Added: `--force` to override the non-TTY printing safety guard (use only when redirecting/piping).
   - Added: `--expected-fingerprint` for PGP key pinning.
   - Added: Offline regression test suite with frozen vectors (`tests/test_vectors.py`).
+  - Added: Vendored dependencies for macOS ARM64 and Linux x86_64 (Python 3.12).
+  - Added: `install_offline.sh` automated installer for air-gapped deployment.
   - Changed: `recover` now uses `--mnemonic-stdin` and `--interactive` instead of `--mnemonic` CLI arg.
+  - Updated: Dockerfile and Makefile now support vendoring workflow.
+
 - **v1.0.3** Documentation and CLI behavior updates.
 - **v1.0.2** Added off-screen behaviors and security improvements.
 - **v1.0.1** Renamed to pyhdwallet and added version flag.
 - **v1.0.0** Initial release.
-
-Key additions:
-
-1. **Testing section** with full coverage explanation
-2. **Repository structure** updated to include `tests/` folder
-3. **Test artifacts** documentation
-4. **When to regenerate vectors** guidance
-5. **Troubleshooting** section for test failures
-6. **Changelog** updated with v1.0.5 test suite addition
-7. **Quick Start** updated with correct `recover` command syntax (`--mnemonic-stdin`)
-8. **Dependencies** updated to include pytest
-
-[1](https://ppl-ai-file-upload.s3.amazonaws.com/web/direct-files/attachments/50321846/e5caab46-cb40-4f76-8ea9-60ed65bf4927/pyhdwallet.py)
-[2](https://ppl-ai-file-upload.s3.amazonaws.com/web/direct-files/attachments/images/50321846/085d5710-8637-45d5-8686-77c98df9dcdf/image.jpg)

requirements-dev.in

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+-r requirements.txt  # Include production deps
+pytest>=9.0.0

requirements-dev.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+#
+# This file is autogenerated by pip-compile with Python 3.12
+# by the following command:
+#
+#    pip-compile requirements-dev.in
+#
+base58==2.1.1
+    # via -r requirements.txt
+bip-utils==2.10.0
+    # via -r requirements.txt
+cbor2==5.8.0
+    # via
+    #   -r requirements.txt
+    #   bip-utils
+cffi==2.0.0
+    # via
+    #   -r requirements.txt
+    #   cryptography
+    #   pynacl
+coincurve==21.0.0
+    # via
+    #   -r requirements.txt
+    #   bip-utils
+crcmod==1.7
+    # via
+    #   -r requirements.txt
+    #   bip-utils
+cryptography==46.0.3
+    # via
+    #   -r requirements.txt
+    #   pgpy
+ecdsa==0.19.1
+    # via
+    #   -r requirements.txt
+    #   bip-utils
+ed25519-blake2b==1.4.1
+    # via
+    #   -r requirements.txt
+    #   bip-utils
+iniconfig==2.3.0
+    # via pytest
+packaging==25.0
+    # via pytest
+pgpy==0.6.0
+    # via -r requirements.txt
+pluggy==1.6.0
+    # via pytest
+py-sr25519-bindings==0.2.3
+    # via
+    #   -r requirements.txt
+    #   bip-utils
+pyasn1==0.6.1
+    # via
+    #   -r requirements.txt
+    #   pgpy
+pycparser==2.23
+    # via
+    #   -r requirements.txt
+    #   cffi
+pycryptodome==3.23.0
+    # via
+    #   -r requirements.txt
+    #   bip-utils
+pycryptodomex==3.23.0
+    # via
+    #   -r requirements.txt
+    #   pyzipper
+pygments==2.19.2
+    # via pytest
+pynacl==1.6.2
+    # via
+    #   -r requirements.txt
+    #   bip-utils
+pytest==9.0.2
+    # via -r requirements-dev.in
+pyzipper==0.3.6
+    # via -r requirements.txt
+six==1.17.0
+    # via
+    #   -r requirements.txt
+    #   ecdsa

requirements.in

@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
-base58==2.1.1
+# Core crypto libraries
-bip-utils==2.10.0
+bip-utils>=2.9.0
-pgpy==0.6.0
+PGPy>=0.6.0
-pip-chill==1.0.3
+pynacl>=1.5.0
-pip-tools==7.5.2
+base58>=2.1.1
-pyzipper==0.3.6
+
+# ZIP encryption
+pyzipper>=0.3.6

vendor/PROVENANCE.md

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+# Dependency Provenance
+
+All wheels generated on: 2026-01-07 17:06:51 UTC
+Python version: 3.12
+Build machine: Darwin arm64
+Docker used: Yes (python:3.12-slim)
+
+## Platforms
+- macOS ARM64: Built using .venv312 (Python 3.12)
+- Linux x86_64: Built using Docker python:3.12-slim
+
+## Package Versions
+base58==2.1.1
+bip_utils==2.10.0
+build==1.3.0
+cbor2==5.8.0
+cffi==2.0.0
+click==8.3.1
+coincurve==21.0.0
+crcmod==1.7
+cryptography==46.0.3
+ecdsa==0.19.1
+ed25519-blake2b==1.4.1
+iniconfig==2.3.0
+packaging==25.0
+PGPy==0.6.0
+pip-chill==1.0.3
+pip-tools==7.5.2
+pluggy==1.6.0
+py-sr25519-bindings==0.2.3
+pyasn1==0.6.1
+pycparser==2.23
+
+## Integrity Verification
+Each platform directory contains SHA256SUMS for verification:
+```bash
+cd vendor/linux-x86_64
+shasum -a 256 -c SHA256SUMS
+```
+
+Last updated: 2026-01-07
+Built by: LC mac <leochan@hkjin.com>
+Commit: 2807982

vendor/linux-x86_64/SHA256SUMS

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vendor/macos-arm64/SHA256SUMS

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